Classification of Agricultural farming System

There are some ways to classify the farming system of agriculture. We can classify this type farming on the basis of agricultural land availability, on the basis of farm enterprise, on the basis of ownership of the area of the farming land, on the basis of enterprise number and on he basis of availability of water of the farming area.

Classifications:
On the basis of agricultural land availability we can classify the agricultural farming system into two system and they are extensive farming system and intensive farming system.
when more land is available for cultivation and by increasing the cultivation area we produce more crops and yield, then it is called extensive farming system. when in a farm intensive care is taken for intensive cropping and increasing production in a unit area by introducing modern technologies and other facilities then it is called intensive farming system.

On the basis of farm enterprise we can classify the agricultural farming system into two category such as specialized farming system and diversified farming system.
If there is an enterprise in a farm and that farm is done specially for that enterprise, this type farm is known as specialized farming system. As for example we can cultivation of wheat, cultivation of maize, cultivation of rice etc. If there are two or more crops or enterprises in diversified condition in a farm then this farming is called diversified farming system. Mixed cropping is a good example of diversified farming system.

On the basis of the ownership of the area of the farming land we can classify farming system into three group. They are estate farming system, co-operative farming system, collective farming system. When government is the owner of the farming land, it is called estate farming system. when a group of farmer create a farm by co-operative and cultivate together, share the products among themselves on the basis of their own land then it is known as co-operative farming system. when government has done a farm on the land of some farmers and the outputs are distributed among the farmers as par the decision of government then this type farming is known as collective farming system.

On the basis of enterprise number we can classify the farming system into two category such as monofarming system and mixed farming system. If a farm has only one enterprise then it is known as monofarming system. Such as fisheries, poultry,crop or livestock farming. If there are two or more enterprise in a farm then it is known as mixed farming. As for example maize with potato, crops with fisheries etc.

On the basis of availability of water in a farm area we can classify farms into rainfed farming system and irrigated farming system. If a farm is totally depend on rainfall then this type farming is known as rainfed farming system. If crop cultivation by irrigated water then this type farming system is known as irrigated farming system.

Some Terminology Related to Multiple Cropping

Multiple  Cropping ( sugarcane with vegetable )

AGRO-FORESTRY: when are grown along with the agricultural crops ( annual crop ) and livestock, then it is called agroforestry. Example mango with rice.
PRECISION AGRICULTURE: It is a concept of agriculture which relying on the existence of in-field variability. Modern technologies as for example sensors, aerial image, information management tools etc are required for this agriculture. Yield of crops is predict accurately after collecting data by modern equipment.
 ALLY CROPPING: When annual crops are grown between the rows of trees or shrubs, it is called ally cropping. We can get fertilizer, mulch material and livestock feed from pruning of the trees and shrubs.
 CROPPING PATTERN: Cultivation of crops in yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops including fallow on a given  area is called cropping pattern.
 CROPPING SYSTEM: Cropping system is the cropping patterns which is used on a farm and their interaction with the resources of that farm, interaction with other farm enterprise and the available input and output technologies which indicate or determine their make up.
FARMING SYSTEM: All the elements such as people, livestock, wildlife, crops, other vegetation, the environment and the ecological, economic, social action between them which are interact as a system, is known as farming system.
MONOCULTURE: When a crop is cultivated on a particular agricultural land or crop field year after year, is known as monocultre.
 CROP ROTATION: Recurrent succession of a set of selected crops grown on a particular agricultural land for definite time of period according to a definite plan is known as crop rotation.
 COMPANION CROPS: When the different crops are sown in different rows but not mixed together, then this crops are known as companion crop to each other.
GUARD CROPS: When hardy or thorny crops remain surrounding the main crops as a guard, is called guard crops.
AUGMENTING CROPS: When different sub crops are sown for the purpose of supplement the yield of the main crop, then the sub crops are known as augmenting crops.
PARALLEL CROPPING: When two crops are grown in a same time in a particular land as parallel to each other but those crops have different growth habits, no competition and they can express their full yield potential, then it is called parallel cropping.
MULTI-STORIED CROPPING: When crops of different highs are grown at a same time in a same field is called multisoried cropping.
SYNERGISTIC CROPPING: If the yield of two crops is higher when they are cultivated on a unit area in a same time than the total yield of their pure cultivation on separate land on unit area basis then it is called synergistic cropping.